Training Gallery

Building Telecommunication Systems: What You Need to Know

 

Building Entrance

Building Entrance Facilities provide the point at which outdoor cabling enters a building to interface with the intra-building backbone cabling. Service Providers (ILECs and CLECs) bring in copper cables for voice and/ or optical cable for voice, data, and internet.

 building entrance
   
 

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Equipment Room

The Equipment Room is the main distribution room in a building. It is where the building local service providers (BLECs) place there main equipment and meet up with the ILECs and CLECs, which can also function as BLECs.

 equipment room
   
 

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Backbone Cabling

The Backbone Cabling provides information interconnection between telecommunications closets, equipment rooms and entrance facilities. It consists of the backbone cables, intermediate and main cross-connects, mechanical terminations and patch cords or jumpers used for backbone-to-backbone cross-connection. This includes:

  • Vertical Connection Between Floors (Risers)

  • Cables Between an Equipment Room and Building Cable Entrance Facilities

  • Cables Between Buildings (Inter-Building)

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banking cabling

Cabling Types Recognized Maximum Backbone Distances
100 ohm UTP (24 or 22 AWG) 800 meters (2625 ft) Voice
150 ohm STP 90 meters (295 ft) Data
Multi-mode 62.5/125 µm optical fiber 2,000 meters (6560 ft)
Single-mode 8.3/125 µm optical fiber 3,000 meters (9840 ft)

 

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Telecommunications Closet

A Telecommunications Closet is the area within a building that houses the telecommunications cabling system equipment. This includes the mechanical terminations and/or cross-connect for the horizontal and backbone cabling system. Typically there are one or two telecommunication closets on a floor.

 telecommunications closet
 

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Horizontal Cabling

The Horizontal Cabling System extends from the work area telecommunications (information) outlet to the telecommunications closet and consists of the following:

  • Horizontal Cabling
  • Telecommunications Outlet
  • Cable Terminations
  • Cross-Connections
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Three media types are recognized as options for Horizontal Cabling, each extends a maximum distance of 90 meters (270 ft):

  • 4-pair, 100 ohm UTP cable (24 AWG solid conductors)
  • 2-pair, 150 ohm STP cables
  • 2-fiber, 52.5/125 or 50 µm optical cable
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horizontal cabling
 

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Work Area

The Work Area components extend from the telecommunications (information) outlet to the station equipment. Work Area wiring is designed to be relatively simple to interconnect so that moves, adds and changes are easily managed.

Work Area Components

  • Station Equipment – computers, data terminals,telephones, etc.

  • Patch Cables – modular cords, PC adapter cables, fiber jumpers, etc.

  • Adapters (baluns, etc.) – must be external to telecommunications outlet
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work area
 

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